• Sql Server Windows Authentication Java
• Test Jdbc Connection String Windows
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I want to be able to connect to a SQL Server using jdbc and windows authentication. I saw some answers on the internet saying i should add the following property to the connection string: integratedSecurity=true; And also add. Sqljdbcauth.dll To the java path. But this, as far as i understand applies only when i'm connecting from a Windows. Nov 19, 2013  When the application is using Windows credentials to connect to SQl Server, then you do not need to provide the user name and password in the code. All you need to ensure is that the domain account that the application will be using, should have proper access and previledges in the SQL Server and in the database.

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The general form of the connection URL is

jdbc:sqlserver://[serverName[instanceName][:portNumber]][;property=value[;property=value]]

Jul 11, 2018  Connecting to SQL Server with the JDBC driver.; 2 minutes to read; In this article. Download JDBC Driver. One of the most fundamental things that you'll do with the Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server is to make a connection to a SQL Server database. Can I use the driver to access Microsoft SQL Server from a Linux computer? You can use the driver to access SQL Server from Linux, Unix, and other non-Windows platforms. For more information, see Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server Support Matrix. Does the driver support Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) encryption?

where:

• jdbc:sqlserver:// (Required) is known as the subprotocol and is constant.

• serverName (Optional) is the address of the server to connect to. This could be a DNS or IP address, or it could be localhost or 127.0.0.1 for the local computer. If not specified in the connection URL, the server name must be specified in the properties collection.

• instanceName (Optional) is the instance to connect to on serverName. If not specified, a connection to the default instance is made.

• portNumber (Optional) is the port to connect to on serverName. The default is 1433. If you're using the default, you don't have to specify the port, nor its preceding ':', in the URL.

  Note

  For optimal connection performance, you should set the portNumber when you connect to a named instance. This will avoid a round trip to the server to determine the port number. If both a portNumber and instanceName are used, the portNumber will take precedence and the instanceName will be ignored.

• property (Optional) is one or more option connection properties. For more information, see Setting the connection properties. Any property from the list can be specified. Properties can only be delimited by using the semicolon (';'), and they can't be duplicated.

Caution

For security purposes, you should avoid building the connection URLs based on user input. You should only specify the server name and driver in the URL. For user name and password values, use the connection property collections. For more information about security in your JDBC applications, see Securing JDBC driver applications.

Connection examples

Connect to the default database on the local computer by using a user name and password:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;user=MyUserName;password=*****;

Note

Although the previous example uses a username and password in the connection string, you should use integrated security as it is more secure. For more information, see the Connecting with Integrated Authentication section later in this topic.

The following connection string shows an example of how to connect to a SQL Server database using integrated authentication and Kerberos from an application running on any operating system supported by the Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server:

Connect to the default database on the local computer by using integrated authentication:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;integratedSecurity=true;

Connect to a named database on a remote server:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;databaseName=AdventureWorks;integratedSecurity=true;

Connect on the default port to the remote server:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=AdventureWorks;integratedSecurity=true;

Connect by specifying a customized application name:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;databaseName=AdventureWorks;integratedSecurity=true;applicationName=MyApp;

Named and multiple SQL Server instances

SQL Server allows for the installation of multiple database instances per server. Each instance is identified by a specific name. To connect to a named instance of SQL Server, you can either specify the port number of the named instance (preferred), or you can specify the instance name as a JDBC URL property or a datasource property. If no instance name or port number property is specified, a connection to the default instance is created. See the following examples:

To use a port number, do the following:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;integratedSecurity=true;<more properties as required>;

To use a JDBC URL property, do the following:

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;instanceName=instance1;integratedSecurity=true;<more properties as required>;

Escaping values in the connection URL

You might have to escape certain parts of the connection URL values because of the inclusion of special characters such as spaces, semicolons, and quotation marks. The JDBC driver supports escaping these characters if they are enclosed in braces. For example, {;} escapes a semicolon.

Escaped values can contain special characters (especially '=', ';', '[]', and space) but cannot contain braces. Values that must be escaped and contain braces should be added to a properties collection.

Note

White space inside the braces is literal and not trimmed.

Connecting with integrated authentication On Windows

The JDBC driver supports the use of Type 2 integrated authentication on Windows operating systems through the integratedSecurity connection string property. To use integrated authentication, copy the sqljdbc_auth.dll file to a directory on the Windows system path on the computer where the JDBC driver is installed.

The sqljdbc_auth.dll files are installed in the following location:

Sql Server Windows Authentication Java

<installation directory>sqljdbc_<version><language>auth

For any operating system supported by the Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server, see Using Kerberos Integrated Authentication to Connect to SQL Server for a description of a feature added in Microsoft JDBC Driver 4.0 for SQL Server that allows an application to connect to a database using integrated authentication with Type 4 Kerberos.

Note

If you are running a 32-bit Java Virtual Machine (JVM), use the sqljdbc_auth.dll file in the x86 folder, even if the operating system is the x64 version. If you are running a 64-bit JVM on a x64 processor, use the sqljdbc_auth.dll file in the x64 folder.

Alternatively you can set the java.library.path system property to specify the directory of the sqljdbc_auth.dll. For example, if the JDBC driver is installed in the default directory, you can specify the location of the DLL by using the following virtual machine (VM) argument when the Java application is started:

-Djava.library.path=C:Microsoft JDBC Driver 6.4 for SQL Serversqljdbc_<version>enuauthx86

Connecting with IPv6 addresses

The JDBC driver supports the use of IPv6 addresses with the connection properties collection, and with the serverName connection string property. The initial serverName value, such as jdbc:sqlserver://serverName, isn't supported for IPv6 addresses in connection strings. Using a name for serverName instead of a raw IPv6 address will work in every case in the connection. The following examples provide more information.

To use the serverName property

jdbc:sqlserver://;serverName=3ffe:8311:eeee:f70f:0:5eae:10.203.31.9instance1;integratedSecurity=true;

To use the properties collection

Properties pro = new Properties();

pro.setProperty('serverName', 'serverName=3ffe:8311:eeee:f70f:0:5eae:10.203.31.9instance1');

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection('jdbc:sqlserver://;integratedSecurity=true;', pro);

See also

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The Microsoft ODBC Driver for SQL Server on Linux and macOS supports connections that use Kerberos integrated authentication. It supports the MIT Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC), and works with Generic Security Services Application Program Interface (GSSAPI) and Kerberos v5 libraries.

Using Integrated Authentication to Connect to SQL Server from an ODBC Application

You can enable Kerberos integrated authentication by specifying Trusted_Connection=yes in the connection string of SQLDriverConnect or SQLConnect. For example:

When connecting with a DSN, you can also add Trusted_Connection=yes to the DSN entry in odbc.ini.

The -E option of sqlcmd and the -T option of bcp can also be used to specify integrated authentication; see Connecting with sqlcmd and Connecting with bcp for more information.

Ensure that the client principal which is going to connect to SQL Server is already authenticated with the Kerberos KDC.

ServerSPN and FailoverPartnerSPN are not supported.

Deploying a Linux or macOS ODBC Driver Application Designed to Run as a Service

Test Jdbc Connection String Windows

A system administrator can deploy an application to run as a service that uses Kerberos Authentication to connect to SQL Server.

You first need to configure Kerberos on the client and then ensure that the application can use the Kerberos credential of the default principal.

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Ensure that you use kinit or PAM (Pluggable Authentication Module) to obtain and cache the TGT for the principal that the connection uses, via one of the following methods:

• Run kinit, passing in a principal name and password.

• Run kinit, passing in a principal name and a location of a keytab file that contains the principal's key created by ktutil.

• Ensure that the login to the system was done using the Kerberos PAM (Pluggable Authentication Module).

When an application runs as a service, because Kerberos credentials expire by design, renew the credentials to ensure continued service availability. The ODBC driver does not renew credentials itself; ensure that there is a cron job or script that periodically runs to renew the credentials before their expiration. To avoid requiring the password for each renewal, you can use a keytab file.

Kerberos Configuration and Use provides details on ways to Kerberize services on Linux.

Tracking Access to a Database

A database administrator can create an audit trail of access to a database when using system accounts to access SQL Server using Integrated Authentication.

Logging in to SQL Server uses the system account and there is no functionality on Linux to impersonate security context. Therefore, more is required to determine the user.

To audit activities in SQL Server on behalf of users other than the system account, the application must use Transact-SQL EXECUTE AS.

To improve application performance, an application can use connection pooling with Integrated Authentication and auditing. However, combining connection pooling, Integrated Authentication, and auditing creates a security risk because the unixODBC driver manager permits different users to reuse pooled connections. For more information, see ODBC Connection Pooling.

Before reuse, an application must reset pooled connections by executing sp_reset_connection.

Using Active Directory to Manage User Identities

An application system administrator does not have to manage separate sets of login credentials for SQL Server. It is possible to configure Active Directory as a key distribution center (KDC) for Integrated Authentication. See Microsoft Kerberos for more information.

Using Linked Server and Distributed Queries

Developers can deploy an application that uses a linked server or distributed queries without a database administrator who maintains separate sets of SQL credentials. In this situation, a developer must configure an application to use integrated authentication:

• User logs in to a client machine and authenticates to the application server.

• The application server authenticates as a different database and connects to SQL Server.

• SQL Server authenticates as a database user to another database (SQL Server.

After integrated authentication is configured, credentials will be passed to the linked server.

Integrated Authentication and sqlcmd

To access SQL Server using integrated authentication, use the -E option of sqlcmd. Ensure that the account which runs sqlcmd is associated with the default Kerberos client principal.

Integrated Authentication and bcp

To access SQL Server using integrated authentication, use the -T option of bcp. Ensure that the account which runs bcp is associated with the default Kerberos client principal.

It is an error to use -T with the -U or -P option.

Supported Syntax for an SPN Registered by SQL Server

The syntax that SPNs use in the connection string or connection attributes is as follows:

Syntax	Description
MSSQLSvc/fqdn:port	The provider-generated, default SPN when TCP is used. port is a TCP port number. fqdn is a fully qualified domain name.

Microsoft Jdbc Driver 4.0 For Sql Server Windows Authentication

Authenticating a Linux or macOS Computer with Active Directory

To configure Kerberos, enter data into the krb5.conf file. krb5.conf is in /etc/ but you can refer to another file using the syntax e.g. export KRB5_CONFIG=/home/dbapp/etc/krb5.conf. The following is an example krb5.conf file:

If your Linux or macOS computer is configured to use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) with a Windows DHCP server providing the DNS servers to use, you can use dns_lookup_kdc=true. Now, you can use Kerberos to sign in to your domain by issuing the command kinit alias@YYYY.CORP.CONTOSO.COM. Parameters passed to kinit are case-sensitive and the SQL Server computer configured to be in the domain must have that user alias@YYYY.CORP.CONTOSO.COM added for login. Now, you can use trusted connections (Trusted_Connection=YES in a connection string, bcp -T, or sqlcmd -E).

The time on the Linux or macOS computer and the time on the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) must be close. Ensure that your system time is set correctly, e.g. by using the Network Time Protocol (NTP).

If Kerberos authentication fails, the ODBC driver on Linux or macOS does not use NTLM authentication.

For more information about authenticating Linux or macOS computers with Active Directory, see Authenticate Linux Clients with Active Directory and Best Practices for Integrating OS X with Active Directory. For more information about configuring Kerberos, see the MIT Kerberos Documentation.

Windows Authentication Sql Connection Stri…

See Also